1. Pharyngeal swab: when sampling, the patient gargles with clean water, then opens his mouth to make an "ah" sound, and uses a tongue depressor if necessary. The doctor gently and quickly wiped the subject's lateral pharyngeal wall and posterior pharyngeal wall several times with a sterilized cotton swab. At present, this method is the most commonly used method in clinic.
2. Nasal swab: when sampling, insert the swab into the nostril in the direction perpendicular to the nose (face) until the finger approaches the nose, keep the swab in the nose for 15-30 seconds, and then rotate it gently for 3 times.
3. Anal swab: insert the sampling swab 2-3cm into the anus to take samples, or wipe and sample at the folds around the anus.
Anal swab test is a new coronal test recently, which was mainly used to screen parasitic infection. If the diet is unsanitary at ordinary times, the parasites in the intestine will lay eggs and excrete with the stool. At this time, it is possible to find parasites by using anal swabs.
It is worth mentioning that reports showed that a few cases of discharged patients had 2 swabs nucleic acid test negative, but anal swabs were positive, indicating that the increase of anal swab test can improve the detection rate of COVID-19 infected patients to a certain extent.
For anal swabs, many people wonder under what circumstances should they be used? Experts on novel coronavirus pneumonia have the possibility of fecal oral transmission. For example, those patients with intestinal symptoms can be positive for neocoronanucleic acid in anal swabs and pharyngeal swabs at the same time; In a small number of cases, after the nucleic acid of pharyngeal swab and nasal swab turned negative, the anal swab test was still positive. It is necessary to add anal swabs.
Nucleic acid detection requires the full cooperation of the subject
1. Try to avoid eating 2 hours before nucleic acid sampling, and prohibit smoking, drinking and chewing gum within half an hour; The weather is hot and the queue time is relatively long. Make personal preparations for sunscreen;
2. There will be irritating dry cough, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms during sampling. The tester should try to relax and breathe deeply;
3. The mask can only be removed when sampling, and please wear it immediately after sampling;